Bastar Dussehra Festival in Chhattisgarh India

Bastar Dussehra: A Unique Cultural Extravaganza

Bastar Dussehra is not just a festival; it is a celebration of cultural diversity, spirituality, and ancient traditions that have been preserved for centuries. Celebrated in the tribal heartland of Bastar, Chhattisgarh, this festival is one of the longest and most unique Dussehra celebrations in India, spanning over 75 days.

Origins and Historical Significance

The origins of Bastar Dussehra can be traced back to the 15th century, during the reign of King Purushottam Deo of the Kakatiya dynasty. According to legend, the king, after receiving divine inspiration in a dream, initiated the Dussehra festival in honor of the goddess Danteshwari, the presiding deity of Bastar. This marked the beginning of a tradition that has been faithfully followed by the local tribes, making Bastar Dussehra a symbol of their deep-rooted devotion and cultural identity.

The Role of Tribal Communities

Bastar Dussehra is a unique blend of rituals and ceremonies that are deeply intertwined with the traditions of the indigenous tribes of Bastar. The festival is a collaborative effort, involving the active participation of various tribal communities such as the Gond, Halba, Maria, Muria, and Dhurwa. Each tribe plays a specific role in the festivities, contributing to the vibrant and diverse nature of the celebration.

One of the most significant aspects of Bastar Dussehra is the assembly of the Rath (chariot), which is a massive wooden structure carried by the tribal communities. The Rath is constructed using traditional methods and is considered a sacred vehicle that carries the idol of the goddess Danteshwari during the procession. The pulling of the Rath is a communal activity, symbolizing the collective strength and unity of the tribes.

Unique Rituals and Traditions

Bastar Dussehra is characterized by a series of intricate rituals that reflect the spiritual beliefs of the tribal communities. The festival begins with the ‘Pata Jatra,’ a ritual where a sacred wooden post is worshiped. This is followed by the ‘Kaachan Gadi,’ where the king of Bastar symbolically gives up his power and authority, handing it over to the goddess Danteshwari for the duration of the festival.

One of the most captivating events is the ‘Jogi Bithai’ ritual, where a priest sits on a platform surrounded by thorny bushes for nine days without food and water, seeking blessings for the well-being of the community. This act of extreme penance showcases the deep spiritual connection of the tribal people with their traditions and deities.

Cultural and Social Impact

Bastar Dussehra is not just a religious festival; it is a celebration of the cultural diversity and social harmony that exists among the tribes of Bastar. The festival serves as a platform for the tribes to showcase their traditional art, music, and dance, preserving and promoting their unique cultural identity.

The festivities attract thousands of visitors from across the country and abroad, providing a glimpse into the rich cultural tapestry of Bastar. The fairgrounds are filled with stalls selling traditional handicrafts, tribal jewelry, and local delicacies, offering a taste of the region’s vibrant culture.

Bastar Dussehra is a testament to the resilience and strength of the tribal traditions in Bastar. It is a celebration that transcends the boundaries of religion and social status, bringing together people from different walks of life in a spirit of unity and devotion. As one of the longest and most unique Dussehra celebrations in the world, Bastar Dussehra continues to be a source of pride for the people of Bastar and a symbol of their rich cultural heritage.